Hoechst 33342 is a blue-emitting fluorescent dye which selectively binds to adenine-thymine-rich regions in double-stranded DNA. With excitation/emission maxima at 351/461 nm, it exhibits a considerable Stokes shift. Notably, Hoechst 33342 is less toxic than DAPI, ensuring better cell viability. It is widely used in fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry for staining chromosomes and nuclei in live and fixed cells, particularly to distinguish condensed pycnotic nuclei in apoptotic cells and for cell sorting.
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