Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a large family of endopeptidases. Collectively, MMPs can degrade all kinds of extracellular matrix proteins, and can also process a number of bioactive molecules. They are known to be involved in the cleavage of cell surface receptors, the release of apoptotic ligands, and chemokine/cytokine inactivation. MMPs are also thought to play a major role in cell behaviors such as cell proliferation, migration (adhesion/dispersion), differentiation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and host defense. This peptide is an exceptional MMP-2 (gelatinase A) and MMP-9 (gelatinase B) substrate: this peptide is used for the continuous spectrophotometric assay of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in combination with a color-developing thiol-reactive agent, 4,4’-dithiodipyridine or Ellman’s Reagent (as indicators). This thiol peptide-enzyme reaction has a Km of 0.004 M and a kcat of 103 s-1. Using this substrate, collagenase can be detected at concentrations as low as 2 ng/mL. HPLC and tandem mass spectrometry are also used to analyze MMP-2 and MMP-9 in conjunction with this peptide substrate.
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